steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, Multi-storey car parks are commonly found at railway stations, airports, hospitals and in city centres. They form parts of mixed-use developments, retail and entertainment centres. Car parks should be easily identifiable for potential users but at the same time be integrated in the overall urban design. Car park structures are usually above ground normally as permanent structures although there is growing demand for temporary/demountable car parking. Underground and basement car parking is also used, mainly in city centres where high land values make this financially viable.Multi-storey car parks are unique buildings in which all elements of the structure are normally exposed to the public. Little weather protection is required and the top floor is generally uncovered. The building is subject to heavy wear from traffic and chemical attack from de-icing salts that can create severe exposure conditions, which should be taken into account when detailing the building. The car park is the first building many visitors to a venue or a town/city centre come into contact with and first impressions count! Although the functional requirements of multi-storey car parks have a strong influence on the building form, they should be expressed in good quality, creative design which reflects their importance in creating a good first impression. Where required, a range of cladding options is available to meet any specific local planning requirements. In urban and city centre locations, the building should blend into the environment or, as is often the case where planning allows, contemporary innovative envelope designs are used to great effect. There are many layouts used for multi-storey car parks, each offering specific advantages to the user and operator. Split-level layouts have good dynamic flow rates and excellent structural efficiency. They can be used with one-way and two-way circulation patterns and a variety of ramp arrangements to achieve the desired performance. This is probably the most popular layout in the UK for car parks with row capacities greater than 24 cars. Entry and exit traffic are separated and the flow pattern is simple and uncomplicated. When built in steel, with column free spans, this layout will generally give the best combination of economy and operating efficiency. Flat deck layouts are becoming increasingly popular for their simplicity of construction, clean lines and ease of use. They are particularly suitable in situations where the floor levels have to be matched to a neighbouring building. This layout is less efficient than the split-level arrangement but can have comparable dynamic capacity for infrequent users. However the larger search paths can be frustrating for frequent users where a ?parking ramp? solution may be more acceptable. Flat deck layout would be used for smaller car parks where the dynamic capacity is not critical. Two-way flow is used with external rapid entry and exit ramps.Parking ramps may be used with great success where frequent users are the prevalent customers, for example, a car park serving a large office building. Their main advantage is that the user must pass all stalls on entry to the car park, resulting in a rapid search path and less frustration. Users can be disadvantaged when exiting the car park unless an express exit is provided. The parking ramp shown is a single ramp with two-way flow. It offers ease of use combined with efficient usage of space. External ramps may be added if rapid exit from the park is required. In this case a one-way system would be preferred.The loading on foundations is greatly influenced by the material chosen for the superstructure. Steel is the lightest practical construction material for car parks and will often allow the use of simple foundations where other, heavier materials will not. The type of foundation required is often the deciding factor on whether a project is economically viable and therefore steel construction is often the only viable solution for many multi-storey car parks.Car parks require treatment against the effects of the external climate. The car park environment can be very onerous, especially where aggressive snow and ice clearing methods are adopted. It is therefore recommended that at least the top deck of the car park is waterproofed with a traditional bituminous membrane or liquid applied seamless coating. It is also good practice to treat other floors to prevent ingress of water. It is important to specify the correct product and ensure that installation and maintenance are fully in accordance with the supplier?s recommendations. Steel structure carparks, steel structure car park, elevated car park, multi-storey car park, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure Multi-storey car parks are commonly found at railway stations, airports, hospitals and in city centres. They form parts of mixed-use developments, retail and entertainment centres. Car parks should be easily identifiable for potential users but at the same time be integrated in the overall urban design. Car park structures are usually above ground normally as permanent structures although there is growing demand for temporary/demountable car parking. Underground and basement car parking is also used, mainly in city centres where high land values make this financially viable.Multi-storey car parks are unique buildings in which all elements of the structure are normally exposed to the public. Little weather protection is required and the top floor is generally uncovered. The building is subject to heavy wear from traffic and chemical attack from de-icing salts that can create severe exposure conditions, which should be taken into account when detailing the building. The car park is the first building many visitors to a venue or a town/city centre come into contact with and first impressions count! Although the functional requirements of multi-storey car parks have a strong influence on the building form, they should be expressed in good quality, creative design which reflects their importance in creating a good first impression. Where required, a range of cladding options is available to meet any specific local planning requirements. In urban and city centre locations, the building should blend into the environment or, as is often the case where planning allows, contemporary innovative envelope designs are used to great effect. There are many layouts used for multi-storey car parks, each offering specific advantages to the user and operator. The layouts of steel car park structure indicated are those most commonly used in the UK. All are eminently suited to a steel-framed solution, which will be competitive on price and provide excellent performance. Split-level layouts have good dynamic flow rates and excellent structural efficiency. They can be used with one-way and two-way circulation patterns and a variety of ramp arrangements to achieve the desired performance. This is probably the most popular layout in the UK for car parks with row capacities greater than 24 cars. Entry and exit traffic are separated and the flow pattern is simple and uncomplicated. When built in steel, with column free spans, this layout will generally give the best combination of economy and operating efficiency. Flat deck layouts are becoming increasingly popular for their simplicity of construction, clean lines and ease of use. They are particularly suitable in situations where the floor levels have to be matched to a neighbouring building. This layout is less efficient than the split-level arrangement but can have comparable dynamic capacity for infrequent users. However the larger search paths can be frustrating for frequent users where a ?parking ramp? solution may be more acceptable. Flat deck layout would be used for smaller car parks where the dynamic capacity is not critical. Two-way flow is used with external rapid entry and exit ramps.Parking ramps may be used with great success where frequent users are the prevalent customers, for example, a car park serving a large office building. Their main advantage is that the user must pass all stalls on entry to the car park, resulting in a rapid search path and less frustration. Users can be disadvantaged when exiting the car park unless an express exit is provided. The parking ramp shown is a single ramp with two-way flow. It offers ease of use combined with efficient usage of space. External ramps may be added if rapid exit from the park is required. In this case a one-way system would be preferred.The loading on foundations is greatly influenced by the material chosen for the superstructure. Steel is the lightest practical construction material for car parks and will often allow the use of simple foundations where other, heavier materials will not. The type of foundation required is often the deciding factor on whether a project is economically viable and therefore steel construction is often the only viable solution for many multi-storey car parks.Car parks require treatment against the effects of the external climate. The car park environment can be very onerous, especially where aggressive snow and ice clearing methods are adopted. It is therefore recommended that at least the top deck of the car park is waterproofed with a traditional bituminous membrane or liquid applied seamless coating. It is also good practice to treat other floors to prevent ingress of water. It is important to specify the correct product and ensure that installation and maintenance are fully in accordance with the supplier?s recommendations. Steel structure carparks, steel car park structure, elevated car park, multi-storey car park Found at railway stations, airports, hospitals and in city centres. They form parts of mixed-use developments, retail and entertainment centres. Car parks should be easily identifiable for potential users but at the same time be integrated in the overall urban design. Car park structures are usually above ground normally as permanent structures although there is growing demand for temporary/demountable car parking. Underground and basement car parking is also used, mainly in city centres where high land values make this financially viable.Multi-storey car parks are unique buildings in which all elements of the structure are normally exposed to the public. Little weather protection is required and the top floor is generally uncovered. The building is subject to heavy wear from traffic and chemical attack from de-icing salts that can create severe exposure conditions, which should be taken into account when detailing the building. The car park is the first building many visitors to a venue or a town/city centre come into contact with and first impressions count! Although the functional requirements of multi-storey car parks have a strong influence on the building form, they should be expressed in good quality, creative design which reflects their importance in creating a good first impression. Where required, a range of cladding options is available to meet any specific local planning requirements. In urban and city centre locations, the building should blend into the environment or, as is often the case where planning allows, contemporary innovative envelope designs are used to great effect. There are many layouts used for multi-storey car parks, each offering specific advantages to the user and operator. The layouts of steel car park structure indicated are those most commonly used in the UK. All are eminently suited to a steel-framed solution, which will be competitive on price and provide excellent performance. Split-level layouts have good dynamic flow rates and excellent structural efficiency. They can be used with one-way and two-way circulation patterns and a variety of ramp arrangements to achieve the desired performance. This is probably the most popular layout in the UK for car parks with row capacities greater than 24 cars. Entry and exit traffic are separated and the flow pattern is simple and uncomplicated. When built in steel, with column free spans, this layout will generally give the best combination of economy and operating efficiency. Flat deck layouts are becoming increasingly popular for their simplicity of construction, clean lines and ease of use. They are particularly suitable in situations where the floor levels have to be matched to a neighbouring building. This layout is less efficient than the split-level arrangement but can have comparable dynamic capacity for infrequent users. However the larger search paths can be frustrating for frequent users where a ?parking ramp? solution may be more acceptable. Flat deck layout would be used for smaller car parks where the dynamic capacity is not critical. Two-way flow is used with external rapid entry and exit ramps.Parking ramps may be used with great success where frequent users are the prevalent customers, for example, a car park serving a large office building. Their main advantage is that the user must pass all stalls on entry to the car park, resulting in a rapid search path and less frustration. Users can be disadvantaged when exiting the car park unless an express exit is provided. The parking ramp shown is a single ramp with two-way flow. It offers ease of use combined with efficient usage of space. External ramps may be added if rapid exit from the park is required. In this case a one-way system would be preferred.The loading on foundations is greatly influenced by the material chosen for the superstructure. Steel is the lightest practical construction material for car parks and will often allow the use of simple foundations where other, heavier materials will not. The type of foundation required is often the deciding factor on whether a project is economically viable and therefore steel construction is often the only viable solution for many multi-storey car parks.Car parks require treatment against the effects of the external climate. The car park environment can be very onerous, especially where aggressive snow and ice clearing methods are adopted. It is therefore recommended that at least the top deck of the car park is waterproofed with a traditional bituminous membrane or liquid applied seamless coating. It is also good practice to treat other floors to prevent ingress of water. It is important to specify the correct product and ensure that installation and maintenance are fully in accordance with the supplier?s recommendations. Steel structure carparks, steel structure car park, elevated car park, multi-storey car park, steel car park structure, steel car park structure, steel car park structure